Typewriting machine



TYEEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 14. 192s;4 5 sheets-sheet 1 June 16, 1931. F. w. HILLARD 11,810,522

, TYPEWRITING MACHINE v Filed March' 1x4-, 1929 s sheets-sheet 2 INVENTGR June 16', w31.

F. w. HILLARD TYPEWRITING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet v 3 Filed March 14. 1929 Patented June 16, 193.1

FREDERIC w. HILLARD, voRiDRiNon BAY, STATEN yisLnNn, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To 1 vNi" orsi-c MARY R. niLLARD, or MIDDLEBURY, coNNEo'iicUT TYPEWRXTING MACHINE Application filed March 1li,k 1929. Serial No. 346,898.'

, carriage comprisesa truck and a platen carriage, operatively Aconnected for .endwise movement together crosswise the machinein letter spacing. VIn bothA machines the platen carriage is locked down, throughout the line of typewriting, against being lifted up out ofV its normal writing' position. In both machines', also, means are provided for unlockl ing the carriage and lifting it up,after it has first been moved' out of its normal writing position. But the `means for so doing differ in the two macliinesand the results are different. In the machine of the patent, as

shown and described therein, thevplaten cari-V riage cannot be moved rearward bodily, out of the printing field. It can only be moved out of the printing field, by moving it to a non-,writing position beyond one 'end-of the line of typewriting,/-as say to a predetermined point slightly preceeding and before the beginning of the Aline of 'typewriting At said point means are provided for unlocking the carriageand liftingit up. -But in my herein `present machine means lare provided for moving the platen -carriage rearward bodily, outof its writing position and out of the printing field, at any point in the vline of typewriting; and for then unlocking it and then lifting it up. Therefore, while,in the patent, the platen rcarriage can only be lifted up at a predeterminedpoint; in my herein machine the platen carriagecan be lifted `up at any vpoint in the line.

, In a frontstrike typewriter it is advantageous, for many reasons, to be able toV unlock the platen carriage and'swing it up rear?` if wardly into an elevated position. But it is inconvenient to'always have tomove it back Y endwis'e, beyond the beginning of the line of typewriting, as 'in the patent, to unlock it so that it can be 'lifted up. Hence, I have devised means, in .my presentrmachine, for

.unlocking theplaten carriage and swinging` position at any pointv it up into its elevated in the line of typewriting. i f

Coniparingbriefly, the ,carriage lift mechanisms of the two machines. In the patent it is'as follows The platen carriage is simply hinged to the truck,thuspr'oviding for only one movement between those two parts namely one vto swing the carriage up and down on the truck, after it has been unlocked. In order to unlock the carriage to lift it up, the

frontrail, which locks the carriage down in writing position, isnotclied or cuty awayat' a predetermined poing-slightly preceding and before the beginning of the line of typewriting. ,The notch enables the locking fing ger at the front ofthe carriage (that underlies the front rail to lock the carriage down), to escape up through the cut away notch Land unlock the carriage so that it can be liftediup at said predetermined point.

In my yherein machine theV carriage `lift mechanism is as follows :L The platen carriage is linked to the `truck and is hingedto the links, thus providing for two separate and succeeding movements betweenthe said Ytwo parts (i: e., ,between theplaten carriage and they truck), The two movements are :Y

First: The links whichconnect tliepl'aten carriage to the truck, provide the means for a rearward bodily movement of the carriage,

out of'its writingposition and ,out ofthel anY that it is released from 'the means that lock it down whenin writing position.

Second: After said rearward, separating'V and releasing movement of the platen carthe carriage provides the means for swinging l thecarriage up', to lift -it up into its elevated position, at any pointin the line; and coop.-

erates with means to lock the carriage back bodily, in `its rearward position, ont of the printing field; and also with means to .lock the carriage up in its elevated position-,at any point in theline of typewriting. Y o

Y. It is the combination of the two means,

namely therone for moving the platen carriage rearward bodily, and the other for lifting it up from its rearward position, that enables me to lift up the carriage into its elevated position at any point in the line, in my herein machine.

It is obvious that my herein means for A lifting the platen carriage up into its elevated position at any point in the line, is applicable to typewriters which shift to upper case and lower case printing positions, as well as to those that print in a single case only. In many typewriting machines, as for instance the Underwood typewriter, the platen carriage is shiftable to upper and lower case printing positions. In other machines, as say in the` well known Smith typewriter, the carriage is non-shiftable and the type bar segment is shiftable to upper and lower case printing positions. I contemplate preferably applying myherein carriage to a machine wherein the type bar segment shifts for lower case and upper case writing.

In my carriage, as shown herein, there is a truck at the rear and a platen carriage at the front and a linked connection between the truck and the platen carriage. The truck is mounted, for endwise movement only, in ball bearing raceways, and the platen carriage frame is linked to the truck for endwise movement of the platen carriage with the truck and also for rosswise movement of the platen carriage on the links, toward and away from the truck, for purpose which I will now set forth.

In my herein machine the carriage can be raised to alifted position at any part of the line of print. This is accomplished by rst moving the platen carriage rearwardly relatively to the truck, and then lifting it and locking it up on the truck in its rearward position. Such rearward movement of the platen-carriage enables me to employa sound muiiiing glass or otherwise transparent casing which covers the front and the top of the machine back to the platen when the platen is in printing position. By moving the carriage rearwardly on the truck I am enabled to raise it to lifted position thereon without interference with the sound mufiling casing.

In addition to my glass or otherwise transparent casing above mentioned, I enclose the whole body of the machine as far as possible with casings so as to muiile and confine the sounds within the machine. In this-way I secure a very quiet and practically noiseless typewriter. n

Aside from my above described sound muffling casing, and even ifsuch casing be not employed, there is still advantage in my present machine over that of my said Patent, No. 1,296,957, in that in my present Vmachine I can lift'the platen carriage at any point in its line of travel crosswisethe machine and without danger of interferences with the ribbon mechanism, paperscales or other devices on the platen carriage or frame of the typewriter, and without providing guards to avoid such interferences. It is obviously of great advantage to be able to lift up and lower the platen carriage on the truck at any point in the line of travel, irrespective of the use of a sound muiling casing.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of the specification:

Fig. l is a plan view of so much of the carriage and parts of the typewriter as are necessary to show my herein invention. In this view the platen carriage is in writing position. Y p

Fig. 2 is a side view of the same with the carriage in writing` position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 excepting that the carriage is in its lifted and locked back position. w

Figs. 4 and .5 are det-ail views of parts of the mechanism for locking the carriage in its lifted position and for unlocking it to lower the carriage. Fig. 4 shows the normal position of the parts, when the carriage is in writing position. Fig. 5 shows the position of the parts when the carriage is lifted and locked up. Figs. and 5 are taken on line ,ii-a rig. i.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the left hand trunnion (lookirna,` from the front of the machine), and of the left hand carriage link and the left hand pivotal connection between the link and the trunnion.

Fig. 7 is a corresponding view of the right hand trunnion, its carriage link and the right hand pivotal connection between the trunnion and the link. In Fig. 7 there is also shown journalled vin the upper end of the right hand link the rod which supports the platen carriage at the rear and on which the carriage swings to its lifted position on the truck.

Only the right hand end of the platen. carriage support rod is shown in Fig. 7, but in the assembled machine the right hand trunnion 7) and the left hand trunnion 6) line up with each other at the front of the truck; and the right hand end of the carriage support rod is ourna-lled in the upper end of the right hand carriage link (Fig. 7) and the left hand end of said rod is our`n nalled in the upper end o-f the left hand carriage link (Fig. 6).

l shows the machine frame. 2 is the truck. The truck is mounted in the race-ways 3 and a on the bearing balls 5. The truck is sub stantially similar to that in my said Patent 1,296,957 and therefore needs no further description. At` each end of the truck are mounted the trunnions 6. Pivotally mounted at their lower ends on the trunnions 6, at either side of the machine, are the. carriage links 33. The links are pivoted on the trunnions by the shafts 21, and in the upper ends of the links is j ournalled the platen carriage pivot rod' 18. Thisrod extends crosswise. the machine, from the one side to the other, and

is journalled in the uppery ends of both the` carriage links 33.y rllhe plate 8 of the .trame of the platen carriage 7 is rigidly fastened to shat't 18, so that the platen carriagey and the shaft 18 turn together inthe lifting movement of the earriageon the truck, tothe position shown in Fig. 3. The frame ot the carriage comprises theplate 8 at the rear vand the two side bars 9 and 10 integral therewith. There is no front rail to the platen carriageg The side hars 9 and 10 are bound together by the rod 11 which extends acrossy the carriage underneath the platen. 'The paper feedrolls 12 are mounted onerose rod 11 as usual in the Underwood typewriter'. Depending from the cross'rod 11 midway between the side bars isa dependent lug l13 on which the earriage hall bearing support Wheel 14 is. pivotally mounted.V A retaining Apiece 15 is clamped hetween the screw 16 and the pivot post of the roller 14. The roller rides on the way rod 17. It will he'seen in F 2 that th'e'rear edge of the periphery of rolle-r 14 rides o-n the way rod 17 and that the retaining piece 15 is close to the way rod when the platen carriage is in its normal writing position. As stated the platen earriage ris rigidlyfixed to pivot rod .18 so that the. rod turns with the carriage when theV oi'ichheeause the rearwardly. extending arms 43 andV their oiset and overhanging lugs 44,- alsoprevent such lifting" movement. I'

will diseuss this second means.

f The traine ofthepleten carriage, 7, is pro-- vided, at therea-r, withthe'carriage plate` 8, integral with thetrame or rigidly tired thereon; and, integral with the carriage plate, 8, are the two upwardly extending lugs 42 andtheir rearwardly extending arms 43. At the rear ends ot the two arms, 43, are the respective two oiifset lugs, 44,. the lug on the right hand arm lbeing"odset right .hand div and the one on the left hand arm, otlset left handedly. `The rigiit handed lug44 overlies the upper plane surface. of the trunnion `G, on the righthand end 'of the truck, 3; and the left handed lug overlies the similar plane surface on the trunnion, 6,- at the lett hand end of the truelz. Both the-trunnions, 6,"are rigidly'tiared on the truck.

The platen, 41, and the portion of the platen carriage trame that holdsv the platen, are' in front of the carri-age pivot rod, 18, on

which the platen swings` up to itsV elevated' position while-the arms 43 and their offset, overlying lugs, 44, are in the rear of said pivot rod. Therefore, in order toswing'up the platen, on the pivot rod, 18, into its ele'- vated position, the arms, 43, andl their overlying lugs, 44, must he swung downwardly, heeause they are on the opposite side of the pivot rod, 18. But since the lugs, 44, overlie the upper planesurfaces, 45, of the. trunnions, 6, and the ltrunnions are rigidly iixed on the truck, 3, and cannot swing down, it follows that the, arms 43 and their lugs44 Cannot he swung down. VvHence the arms, 43 and their lugs, .44,vprevent the lifting up ot the platen and'platen carriage into theirelevated positions, soilong as they remain vin their normal writing` positions. Thus the retaining piece 15 and the oiset, overlying lugs, 44, are the joint means `for locking down the platen and theplaten carriage intheir normal. writingl positions; but th-eyl leave th-em reeto he moved `endwise across the machina/as in letter spacing. The escapement rack 19is mounted on the side' arms 2O which in turn are mounted on the short pivot rods 21, one on eachtrunnion. The eseapement release lever 22 is pivotally mounted on screw 23 on the trame of the carriage? and, at its rear end, onthe inner side a. projection 24 is provided.' `The forward end ot' the'sidearmsQO are provided on their'oute sides, with similar projeetions 25 in line with theprojections' 24 ot the eseapement release levers." `When the carriage is. in normal writing position-the projection 24 underlies projection 25,-so that when the release lever is depressed.r the .rack will he lifted up and disengaged from the eseapement` wheel pinion 26.

Springs 27 at the inner' end of the pivot rods 21 tendY to hold the 'y escapement rack downwardly` in the normal positionl at allv times.- lThis is the welly known eonstiaic-tion ot the Underwood typewriter and needs no furthergdescription. f

Fig. 3 .hows the lifted position ot the platen earriagevand the dotted line positions of certain of the parts showjtheir positions when the carriage has been movedhaclrbut beto-re it is lifted. The spring 28 and stop pin 29fholds the` release lever 22 in its no-rmal position. The'dotted line position shows that in 'the `backward .movement of the oarriage, the support roller14 has been brought to a positionsueh that the front edge of the roller is in linevwith and resting o-n the carriage way rod-17 and that theV retaining piece 15 has heeninoved `rearwardly tar enough so that the carriage can be swung on the pivot rod 18 into its lifted position, without interference by' the `retaining piece and that projection 24 on` the release levers has been -movedfree of projection 25 on the rack arms.

Referring .to Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that the so'u'nd mutlling casing 30 is close upto the platen when the latter is in normal writing position, and that the rearward edge 30e oit the casing extends over the platen, so that the lifting of the 7 wordt then be obstructed by said casing. Bat when the carriage has been moved back i` is moved awav from the glass case so that it is tree to be lifted without interference with the casing. The rearward movement ot the platen carriage 7 also clears it of the ribbon. mechanism and all interfering parts so that it can be litter at any point in its line or" travel.

l will now describe the means 'lier litting and locking up the carriage. l provide a toggle joint 31 at each side 'of the machine at the rear of the platen carria The rear end of the rear member` of each toe ljle oint is pivotally mounted on the trunnion 6 onthe pivot screw 32. The forward member of the toggle oint is mounted on the outer ends of the pivot d 1". The pivot rod 13 is carried in the upper ends of link 33. The links are pivotally mounted on the pivot rods 21 at their lower enos. The toggle joints held in their normal positions by thn release ke Ts 34, (one only of which is shown in the. dr ing) toggle springs and the adjustable stop pins 36 in the side trames or" the car- 1iage. The toggle joint release keys are keyed to the ends of cross rod 37. The screws 33 serve to hold the keys 34 (one only shown the drawing) in their positions on the cross rod 37. this means the crossrod caused to revolve whenever,` the toggle release key is depressed. @lily one toggle joint release key 34 is shown in the drawing but there is preferably such a key at each side of the machine.

ln Fig. 1 of the drawings the toggle joint release ke 34, is shown at the right hand end of the platen carriage, with its key lever keyed onto the right hand end of the pivot rod 37, that entends across the platen carriage, and heldthereon by its' screw 33, with Y the rear end o' the key lever underlying the middle joint of the right hand toggle joint, 31, adapted to buckle up the toggle joint whenever the key 34 is depressed. A keyless toggle joint release lever is also shown in Fig. 1, on the left hand end of the platen carriage, similarly keyed onto the lett hand end of the pivot rod, 37, and held thereon by its screw, 33, with the rear end of the lever underlying the middle oint of the lett hand toggle joint, 31. The rear ends of the two toggle joint release levers, the one on the right hand and the other on the left hand end of the pivot rod, 37, are similar to each other and they are both rocked upward together on the pivot shaft 37, to buckle up their respective toggle joints whenever the release key, 34, is depressed. As above stated, the two said toggle joint release levers may each be provided with a release key, as

34. This for convenience of operation and for adjustment purpose, atboth ends of the platen carriage.

At its rear end each toggle joint release lever engages the middle joint of vits toggle joint, 31, so that when the key, 34, is depressed the toggle joints, 31, .31, will'be moved from the straight line positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to the buckled up positions shown in Fig. 3. Such buckling u p actuation of the two toggle joints, 31, 31, results in moving the pivot rod 13 rearwardly and thereforeV moves the carriage 'l' rearwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3.

lt has been shown above, that the platen carriage, if", is normally locked down in its writing position by two means, namely by the retaining piece 15, close back of the way rod 1?, and by the right hand and'left hand, ottset, overlying lugs 44, 44,`resting close above the plane surfaces, 45, 45, on the tops of the two trunnions 6, 6. The platen carriage is also normally restrained forward or locked forward in its wri ing position. This is effooted by the two toggle joints, 31, 31, theone the right hand end of the platen carriage and the toggle joints are normally in the substant-iain ly smaight line positions shown in Figs. 1 They are brought into such positions by the tension springs, 35, and their exact adjusted positions are determined by the adjustment ot the eccentric stop pins, 36, and the toggle joint'reiease levers that underlie the middle joints of the two toggle joints, respectively.

Each of the toggle joint release levers should, preferably, be provided with an adjustable stop pin, 3G. This because it is the two toggle joints, 31, that bring the carriage pivot rod, 18, into its proper normal position at both ends of the pivot rod; and said pivot rod, when properly adjusted, brings the platen carriage, 7, into its proper position in the printing field, with both ends lof the platen, 41, in the printing plane. Hence the two toggle joints, 31, 31, both require proper adjustment into their correct straight line positions, preferably by means of two toggle joint levers, two toggle springs, 35, and two adjustable stop pins, 36.

The platen carriage, 7, is restrained torward, or locked forward, in its normal writing position, because of the two toggle oints, 31, which hold it there securely. Since the toggle joints are normally in their straight line adjusted positions, the-y prevent a blow on the front of the platen, as in typewriting, from driving the platen rearwardly, out of the work lield. The buckling up of the two toggle joints, 31, by the toggle joint release key, 34, releases the platen carriage from its restrained forward, or locked forward, posiother at the left hand end. The two f release key, in the construction shown, isthe means for moving the platen carriage rear w'ardly, clear `of the usual. inliing'ribbon and ribbon holding and actuating devices, and for clearing the path of the retaining piece 15 from the way rod 17 when the carriage 7 is beingflifted, and for moving the projection 24 on the release lever free of the projection 2501i the raclr arm', so that the rack 19y will remain in engagement with the escapeinent pinion 26 and the truck and platen carriage will remain under control of the escapement and the usual main spring when the carriage is lifted;

kAlso in case the machine be provided with the sound muiiling glass casing 30, the platen 41 ,will be, by the actuation of the toggle joint,moved rearwardly and away from said casing, so that the carriage can be lifted without interference of the ing. Y

It will be observed that in the normalwriting. position of the carriage,Fig. 2, the rear edge ofsupportingroller 14 rides on the way rod 17, while in the'pushed back position of the carriage, Fig. 3, the front edge of the roller rests on the rail.; The roller 14 is made wide enough so thatv the'way rod willV con? tinue to support the carriage, evenV when vthe carriageis moved back ready to be lifted. While the carriage is being moved back and the retaining piece is moving away from the way rod v17 the'carriage is still locled against being lifted until it has been moved fully backV fto the position of Fig. 3, by means l. will now describe.

The carriage plate 8is provided with upwardly extendinglugs 42 at each side of the machine and arms 43 extend rearwardly and have offset parts 44 at theirrear ends, the one being-right handed and the other left handed,

which lie over a plane surface 45A at the-top of leach trunnion 6. Wvhen the' carriage is moved to its rearward position the offset parts 44 move rearwardly beyond the plane surfaces 45 of the trunnions so that thecarriage can then swing upwardly. The trunnion is provided with a'concave portion at 6a so that when the carriage is-moved to its rearward position arms 42 and the hubs at the top of the link 33 will not collide with the trunnions. When the'carriage 7 is so swungv upfthe offset parts-44 swing downwardly into annular grooves 46 on the trunnie'nsg at each platen with the casside of the machine. Atwthe end of their downwardv movement `the lparts 44 come against lthe stop pins 47. rlliis limits and-determines the fully lifted position of the carriage 7. `is soon as thev carriage begins to be lifted, the eifset fingers v44 pass intothe angular grooves-46 which are concentric with the carriage pivot shaft 18. Therefore the carriage is heldin its rearward position during the whole of its upward movement and while it is-ln lifted position. f

I will now describe the mechanism for locking thecarriage l in its lifted position and Y also the means for unlocking the carriage to dog 50., bothypiyoted'side by side on pin 51 (see Fivsfl, 4 and 5). Pin 51 is a driven fit inthe locking latch so that it rotates thereith, while the camming dog 50 is a running fit on said pin. The normal rearward position ofthe locking latch 49 is controlled by the eccentric adjusting screw 52, in slotted piece 48. The latch isnormally held back against the screw 52by tension spring 53.

rlhe cammingdog .50"is provided with a dog pin 54,.-driven therein, which projects back of the locking latch `49 andthe flat spring 55 secured to piece 48 by screw 56, forces the pin 54 against'the rear edge of the locking latch. rPhe latch spring 58 is stronger than dog spring 55 `so that the locking latch normally impinges upon the stopscrew 52. The lock-ingarm 57 is keyed' on the carriage pivot shaft 18, so that its overhanging lug-58 is in line'with the locking latch 49; f

When the-carriage is moved.V out of' its normal writing position into .its retracted position the lc-clingv arm 5? is moved from the full line position to the dotted line position in 4. When the retractedA carriage is swung about pivotr shaft 18'to raise the carriage to its lifted position the arm 57 is thereby swung Y downwardly tothe position shown in Fig. 5. The loc-king latch 49 is provided with a camining face 59 ,eccentric to the carriage pivot shaft l18,Y andthe lockingA arm 57 is -pro-vided atits far end with ther overhanging lug or osetportion58, in line with the locking latch camming face`59'.. As will be vseen from the dotted' line position of the locking arm 57V in VFig.v 4 (i. e. .the position of the arm after the latchr spring 53 will again snap the locking ics latch 49 rearwardly against'the stop pin 52 thereby locking up the carriage. y

Keyed orotherwise rigidly mounted on shaft 37 is the unlocking arm 60. The arm is to the right of the camming dog 50 (Fig. 1) but is provided with unlocking pin 61. Such piny is rigidly secured in the free end of unlocking` arm 60 and is in line with the caniming plate 62 on the right Vhand side of the camming dog 50. I The dog pin 61, while it extends to the left in line with the camming plate 62, does not extend far enough to engage `the main body of the camming dog 50 and hence is clear of the locking latch 49 also, since the locking latch is to the left of the camming dog.

The carriage is moved rearwardly by depression of the toggle joint release key 34 and since the releasev key 34 is keyed tothe shaft 37, and the unlocking arm 60 is also keyed to the saine shaft it follows that when the toggle joint release key is depressed the free end of the unlocking arm 60 will be moved into the dotted line position 60a!l (Fig. 4). In case the toggle joint release key 34 is released and lifted before the carriage is lifted then the arm 60 will simply move from the position 60a to the position 605 in Fig. 4.` If the release key 34 be held depressed until the carriage has been lifted then the arm 60 will assume the position 600 in Fig.

5. Vhen the release. key 34 is released the arm 60 will swing down to the full line position in Fig. 5 While the release key is being returned to its normal lifted position. In passing from the dotted line position to the full line position in Fig. 5 the unlocking` pin 61 will engage'the front face of camming plate 62 on the camming dog 5G and cam the dog rearwardly from the full line lpositions of the dog pin 54 and camming plate 62, to the rear dotted line positions 54a and 62a. As soon as the pin 61 has passed below the cam plate 62 the camming dog 50, under the influence of its spring 55, will spring back to its normal position with the dog pin 54 against the locking latch, as shown in the full lines in Fig. 5. Y

It will thus b e seen that if the toggle joint release key 34 is'held depressedV until the carriage has been lifted the arm160 will not pass from the dotted line position 60o to the full line position Fig. 5 until after the carriage has been lifted; but if the release key 34 be released after the carriage has been move-d to its rearward position and before being lifted then the camming dog 50 will be cammed rearwardly during the lifting of the carriage. But in either event when the. carriage is lifted 'and the release key 34 is also released and lifted the unlocking arm '60 and its dog pin 61'will be in the full line posit-ion shown in Fign5, with the carriage locked up. ldhen it is desired to unlock the carriage in order to lower it, the release key 34 is depressed,and the arm 60 is thereby caused to swing upwardly from the full line position of Fig. 5to the dotted line position of 600. In thatmovement the dog pin 61 engages with th-e under side of the cani plate 62 and cams the camming dog forwardly from the full line position of dog pin 54 and cam plate 62 to the forward dotted line positions 545 and 625. But since the dog pin 54 impinges on the rear edge of the locking latch 49 it can only swing forward to the dotted line position 545 and 625 by also swinging the locking latch forwardly away from its stop screw 52, against the impulse of the spring 53, to the position 49a (Fig. 5). Hence when the carriage is in the lifted position and the release key 34 is depressed the locking latch is drawn forwardly far enough to release the offset lug 58 of locking arm 57 from the latch. The carriage is thus unlocked and free to be swung down to its normal level, into its rearward position. As the carriage is swung down, the rearwardly extending arms 43 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3) swing upwardly, the offset lugs 44 moving upwardly in the grooves 46, and when the carriage roller 14 has come to its engagement with way rod 17, the lugs 44 will be above and free of grooves 46. The carriage will then be moved forward by the impulse springs 35 of the toggle oints, and the platen will thus be brought back to its normal writing position. As soon as the carriagebegins to be moved forward the offset lugs 44 slide forward over the plane surfaces 45 on trunnions 6, thus locking the carriage against lifting movement at all times save only when the carriage is in its rear position with lugs 44 in line with annular grooves 46.

Thus the carriage cannot be lifted until it has been withdrawn rearwardly from its operative position far enough to avoid all interferences in the lifting movement, and after it has been lifted it has to be swung down again to its normal level with the carriage roller 14 resting on the way rod 17 before it can be moved forward again to its normal writing position. I-Ience it is obvious that the carriage can be lifted at any point in the line of travel without any danger of interferences with any of the parts in the machine during the lifting movement and during the return lowering movement. Not only am I thus enabled to lift the carriage at any point in the linewithout interference between the ribbon or ribbon mechanism an d the paper guide rolls, etc., but I am also thereby enabled to employ a sound deadening casing covering the top and inclosing the exposed portions in front of the platen, and I can still easily and conveniently make erasures on the y paper and manipulate the work sheets in any way without any interference with the sound inclosing casing. In Fig. 3 I show a `sectional view of the sound mailling casing, 30, showing how it comes over the top of the ribbon spools and over vthe printing point at the platen. In Fig.y 1 the casing 30is broken away over the type bar guide. rIhe type bar guide and other parts beneath the glass casing can, o-f course, ber seen through the cacing. I have broken awayv the casing 30 in Iig. 1 so as to more clearly illustrate that the casing at 30a reachesY over and beyond the printing point at the platen so afs-to confine the sound, and that for this'Y reason and any other interferences it is clear that the carriage could not be raised without first moving' it rearwardly fary enough for clearance purposes. vSo vfar as I rknow such rearward movement of the carriage'for such purpose is novel and I Vclaimit accordingly.

rfie

In my present machine there'is noV front r rail'across the carriage in front of the platen. Therefore, when the carri age is lifted nothing is in the way of erasin'gor of movingthe work sheets, both original and carbon copies, forward from the' platen. Y

The trunnio-ns 6 are fastened to thel truck by screws 63. The trunnions reach forfvvard and at their lower front ends are provided with hubs ,64 to take in the short pivot rods 21, which' latter can turn inthe hubs butare rigidly fastened' to escapeinent arms 2O to turn therewith.' rIhe pivot rod 21 on the right hand side of the machine (Figs. '1, -2 and is provided at its inner end with the head 65, and on the body of shaft, between the head and the inner edge of t-runnion 6, the spring 27 iscoiled about the shaft, the inner end being bent and inserted in they head the outer end bent and inserted o-nrthe'V inner edge of the trunnion 6, and tensioned so as to hold the rod 21' and rack 19 down in engagement with the escapement pinion 26 whenv the carriage is lifted. rlheV escapeinent pinion is connected withV the escapement wheel G6 which latter is controlled by the usual dogs, not shown. rl`he usual main spring, not shown, is connected to the ca riage by the usual main spring band''( (sce Fig. In this way when the carriage is lifted and locked up, it will still be under control7 ofthe escapenient. Each pivot rod 21'khas abearing at the inner and outer sides in the forwardly extending hubs 64. The trunnions are slotted vertically between said bearings vandv the carriage links 33 are fitted into said slotsA and are pivotally mounted on the rods 21. 'At' their upper ends the links 33 are provided with hubs and are pivotally mounted on'the shaft 18, between the forward bearings of the toggle joints 31 and th'earms 42, which latter extend up from carriage plate 3. Shaft 13 is rigidly fastened in the arms 42, to turn' with the carriage when the carriage is lifted.

It will thus be seen that the links 33 are the means forV link-ingthe platen carriage` to the truck; that the toggle `jointsxiv 31y are; the

the lifting of the carriage when in writing position;l that the offset lugs 44 of arms 43 ril on the carriage plate 8, overlying the laty@ surfaces of the trunnions 6, prevent the lifting of thecarriage until it has been pulled back onthek links `33 to its rearmost position; that, when the carriage is in its rearmost Vposition,the offsetlugs 44 enter the concentricf-v5 annular grooves 46 in thetrunnions and permit -theliftingof the carriagek but hold it in itsrearmost posit-ion so long as the lugs 44 are in the annular grooves; that as the carriage is swung up the overhanging lug 5855?()r on the locking arm 57 cams locking'latch 49 forward by means of the camnnng face 59 until the. lug xhas moved fully below the camming face 59; that thenthe locking latch is snapped back into its normal position by itsf5 spring 53, thus lockii'rgthe carriage up; that when it is desired to release the carriage to lower it,.the depression ofthe key 34 rotates shaft 37and thus swings thefunlocking arm 60` upwardly so that its unlocking pin 61%100 engages the camming plate 62 and swings dog 50 forwardly, the latter by means of its unlocking pin 54 also swinging the-locking latch 49 forward andY thus releasing` the locking arm lug 58 from the latch. k'Iher'ithe car-@05 riag'e isv freeto be swung downuntil carriage support roller 14 engages way rod 17 and the carriage will be moved forwardfby links 33to normal writing position under the' influence of jthe"` toggle springs 35. In Fig. 2 I show the locking arm 57 and its .overhan'ging lug 58which are mounted on VVshaft 1S', and also unlocking arm 60 andunjoints 31`and their impulse i410 locking pin 61 thereon, which are mounted on 1*15 shaft 37. The remainder of the parts for locking up ythe carriage and for unlockingl it from its lifted position are only shown in Figs. 1, 4and `5.; f

In :front strike visible writing machines, of the type I show, the type bar segment is vertically arranged and either `the type bar segment or the platen is shifted vertically for writing upper case characters. Iv move my carriage rearward bodily before lifting it, in adirection at about right angles to the said shifting' movements, rmoving'it beyond the rpoint of interference when lifting the carriage.V I believe that it is broadly novelto thus move lthe platen carriagel rearward body ily out of the printing iield forrthe purpose of lifting the carriage and I therefore so claim it. I also believe the combination of a carriage comprising a truck and platen carriage operatively connected for endwise movement together, in letter spacing, and wherein the platen carriage is movable, separately, rearward bedily in the machine, and also wherein means are provided to swing the platen carriage up, from its said rearward position, into an elevated position en the truck, is ynovel and I claim it accordingly.

I have shown my preferred means for linl.- ing` the platen carriage to the truck for the purposes of my invention. Any other well known devices for linking or otherwise connecting the carriage to the truck, for movement rearwardly and forwardly in the machine, may be subst-ituted without departing from the broad invention. of moving the platen carriage back out of the printing plane in order to lift it at any point of the line without interferences. Giving to the forward and back transverse shiftingmovements ofthe Vplaten carriage for lifting', it tends to simplicity to employ a carriage which does not also shift transversely to upper and lower case printing positions as shownl herein, and to shi t the type bar segment and type bars up and down for upper and lower case printing. But my invention is not limited to such structure. The platen carriage maybe shifted up and down for upper and lower case printing, and also moved rearward transversely for shifting the platen out of the work field Ain order to lift it at any point in the line of print,

Vas well as for computing operation without typewriting.

By the terms front strike typewriter and front strike visible typewriting machine, as used herein and thevwords visible writing front strike typewriter inthe accompanying claims, I mean to include all machines in which the writing is done on the side of the platen facing the operator, whether on the horizontal plane of the platen or on the Vupper front quarter thereof.

While my herein machine is an improved standard office typewriter of the general type of that of my machine of said Patent No. 1,296,957, it is also well adapted for use as a computing, billing and bookkeeping typewriting machine, particularly in collating business forms, index cards, etc., as discussed in my pending patent application Sr. No.

336,506, filed January 3l, 1929. When the platen herein is in its elevated position on the truck, the printing line is nearly at the top of the platen, and hence the collated matter will be in such position on the platen that it will have little tendency to slip out of collated position prior to the clamping of the forms or cards to the platen.

The machine of said patent also lifts the Y platen carriageup into an elevated position;

such that, when the carriage is lifted up, the printing line is nearly at the top of the platen. Hence, in that respect, the machine of the patent is equally adapted as is my herein machine, for collating business forms, index cards, etc.; but the machine of the patent has a carriage frontrail that is very detrimental in assembling and collating business forms, etc., on the platen.

In the patent, the front rail extends across the carriage, in front of the platen, when the carriage is down in its normal writing position. Hence, when the carriage is lifted up, the front rail will be above the printing line and obviously will interfere seriously, with the assembling and collating of business forms, etc., on the lifted up platen.

My herein present machine is much better adapted, in that respect and in other ways, for combined typewriting and computing operations. Some of the reasons for this, are the following:

First: Because, in my present machine, there is no front rail across the platen carriage, in front of the platen. Hence collated business forms, index cards, etc., can be freely,

easily and quickly asembled and collated at of the machine of the patent, but is highly` important in computing, billing and bookkeeping.

Third: Because, in my present machine, the platen carriage can be moved rearwardly,

back out of the printing field and locked back in its rearward position, so that computing without typewriting can be done thereon. This is impossible in the machine of the patent. Y

Fourth: Because, in my present machine, the truck and the platen carriage are under escapement control andV can be letter space fed endwise together, while the carriage is locked back in its lifted up position, out of the printingfield. This also is necessary to enable computing without typewriting. In the machine of the patent, on the contrary, the truck and the platen carriage arenot under escapement control and cannot be fed endwise while the carriage is lifted up and computing without typewriting is impossible thereon.

Various changes in construction and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention and Vsome of the improvements may be employed without others, and I therefore wish it to be understood that I do not limit the invention to the precise details shown.

Y But I Wish it understood that, regardless of the'precise details of construction and arrangement, avery important feature of my herein invention is, broadly speaking, the combination of means, as above enumerated,

that enables me to release the platen Lcarriage out of the printing field, and for then mov-' ing it endwise with the track under escape- L*ment control, in letter spacing, as above kat enumerated, is an important feature of my invention. This last is especially true in cases wherecomputing operation ywithout typewriting is requirec. A

Having thusdescribed my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: Y

l. In a visible writing front strike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage mounted forwardly ofthe truck and operatively con-Y nected therewith, means for mounting the carriage for movement out of the work field toward the truck and-means for mounting the carriage to lift it to an elevated position on the truck at the end of said movement toward the truck. i

2. In a visible'wr'iting front striketypewriter the combination of anendwise movable truck, a platen carriage mounted for-V wardly of the truck andy operatively connected therewith, means for mounting` the carriage for movement out of the work field rearwardly toward the truck', a stationary way rod to support the carriage and asupporting roller mounted on the carriage and resting on the way rod,said roller being of sucliwidth Athat it supports the carriage on the way rod `both when the carriage is `in its forward writingposition and also at the limit ofits rearward ymovement toward the truck.-

l3. Iny a visiblel writing front strike typewriter the combination of anfendwise mov.- able truck, a platen carriage connected vwith the truck and movable endwise therewith, means `for mounting .the carriage to move it rearwardly Vout'of the work fieldtransversely of the truck, means for preventing the lifting of the carriage until the end of itsV said rearward transverse movement, and means formounting the carriage to lift it on the truck at the endl of said rearwardtransverse movement.

4f. In a visible writing front strike typewriter,' the combination ofV a truck movable endwise, a :platen carriage operatively con-V nectedwith the truck for endwise-'movement therewithY and also for a-trans'verse movement relatively to thel truck, means for so moving verselyr anda keyy on the.v

truck for endwise movement therewith, r

the carriageV transversely includingfa. key onv thel carriage for so moving the carriage.

5.1 Ina visible writing front 'striketypewriter, the combination of a truck movable endwise, a platen carriage linked to the truck for movement therewith and alsofor a transverse movement on the links toward and away. from the truck, toggle joints/for vibrating the links to" move the carriage transcarriage to actuate the'toggle joints.A n' n Y 6. Ina visible lwriting front strikeltypewriter the .combination of an endwise movable truck, a-plate'n carriage linked tothe means ,for imovingthe carriage onthe links outk of the work field transversely toward the truck, .means .'forpreventing the lifting of the carriage untilthe end of said transverse movement, means for lifting the carriage onV the truck at the end of said transverse movement, means for locking the carriage against transverse movementwhile it is being lifted, means for limiting the lifting movement of the carriage and for locking it in its lifted position on the truck;

7 In a` visible writing front strike typewriter the combination of a platen carriage, a truck at the rear to form a travellingsupport'for the carriage, an operative connection between the truck and the carriage, comprising links pivotedy attheir lower ends to thef truck and attheir upper" ends to thecarriage, whereby the carriage may be pivotally swung iirst rearwardly toward the truck and then upwardly on the-truck, means for locking the carriage in itselevated lposition on the truck and a release keyV on theY carriage for unlocking the carriage fromV its elevated position. f f

.8. In a visible writing front strike typewriter the combination. of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage having an opera-tive ,connectionv therewith for endwise movement, a transparent sound deadening casing mounted on the machine andv enclos- `ing they top of the typewriter lforward of Vfrom said last mentioned position to an elelvated one onv the truck.

9. In-a visiblewriting front striketypewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage having an operative connection therewith for endwise movement, a transparent sound deadening casing mounted on the machine and enclosing the top of the typewriter forward of the platen and reaching over to the platen above the-printing point'wh'en the platen isfin its writing po'sition`,`f means for moving the Vplaten carriage rearwardly away from the.l

transparent sound deadenmg casing mounted writer the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage mounted forwardly of the truck and having a linked connection therewith for endwise movement, a

on the'machine and enclosing the typewriter forward of the platen and reaching over to the platen above the printing point when the platen is in its writingv position, means for moving the platen carriage on its linked connection toward the truck and away from the said casing,` means for swinging the carriage upwardly on said linked connection from said last mentioned position to an elevated position, means for locking the carriage to the truck in its said elevated position and a release key on the carriage for unlocking the carriage from its elevated position.

11. In a frontstrike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage, means Jfor operatively connecting the carriage with the truck for endwise movement therewith, said means including means for mounting the carriage for bodily movement, relatively to the truck, rearwardly in the typewriter and alsol including means for lifting the carriage up on the truck into an elevated position thereon, after its said rearward movement.

12. In a front strike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage, means for operatively connecting the carriage with the truck for endwise movement therewith, propelling power for moving the truck and carriage endwise together, an escapement operatively connected with the truck to control the endwise movement of the truck and the carriage in writing position, in the printing field, said means for connecting the carriage with the truck including means for mounting the carriage for bodily movement rearwardly in the typewriter, out'of the printing field, and also including means for lifting the carriage up on the truck into an elevated position thereon, after its said rearward movement, the truck and the carriage remaining under control of the escapement when the carriage is in itsV said writing position and also when it is in gus slaid elevated position out of the printing elc 13. In a front strike typewriter the combination of Aa platen carriage, a truck which forms a travelling support for the carriage, a linked connection between the truck and the carriage, whereby the carriage moves endwise with the truck in the printing field and whereby it can be moved rearward bodily on the typewriter, outof the printing field, a

pivotal bearing in said connection whereby the carriage can be swung up into an elevated position on the truck, after its said rearward movement, and means for locking the carriage up in its said elevated position out of the printing field.

14. In a front strike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck,`a platen carriage, a linked connection between the truck and the carriage for endwise movement of the carriage with the truck in writing position in the printing field, means for locking the carriage in said writing position, means for moving the carriage rearward bodily on said linked connection, to move it out of theprinting field and to unlock it, and means for re-locking the carriage in said rearward position out of the printing field.

15.*In a front strike typewriter thecombination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage, a linked connection between the truck and the carriage for endwise movement of the carriage with the truck in writing position in the printing field, means for locking the carriage in said writing position, means for moving the carriage rearward bodily on said linked connection, to move it out of the printing eld and to unlock it, means for re-locking the carriage in said rearward aosition a ivoted bearinor in said connection whereby the carriage can be swung up into an elevated position on the truck, while in its said re-locked rearward position and `means for locking the carriage up in its elevated position out of the printing field.

16. In a front strike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen platen carriage, a linked connection between the truck and the carriage for endwise movement of the carriage with the truck in writing position in the printing field, means for locking the carriage in said writing position, propelling power for moving the truck and carriage endwise together, an escapement operatively connected with the truck to control the endwise movement of the truck and the carriage in writing position, means for moving the carriage rearward bodily on said linked connection, to move it out of the printing field and to unlock it, and means for vrelooking the carriage in said rearward position, the truck and the carriage remaining under control of the escapement when the carriage is in its re-locked rearward position out of the printing field.

17. In a front strike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage operatively connected with the truck for endwise movement therewith in its writing position in the printing field, means for mounting the carriage for rearward transverse movement outof the printing field, a stationary way rod to support the carriage,

a supporting roller mounted on `the carriage and resting on the way rod, said roller being of such width that it supports'the carriager on the way rod when the carriageA is in its writing position and also throughout its said rearward transverse movement out of the printing field.

18.k In a front strike typewriter the combination of a truck movable endwise, a platen carriage linked to the ltruck for endwise movement therewith and also for a transverse movement on the links rearwardly and forwardly on the typewriter, toggle joints for vibrating the links to so move the carriagel transversely and a key to actnate the toggle joints.v s

19. In a front strike typewriter the combination of an endwise movable truck, a platen carriage-linked to the-truck for endwise-movement therewith, means for moving the `carriage rearward transversely von the links out of the printing iield, means for preventing the lifting of the Carriage until'the end of said rearward movement, means for lifting theearriage on the truck at the end of its said rearward movement, means for locking the carriage against transverse movement while it is being lifted and means for looking the carriage on the truck in its said liftedposition. Y

In testimony whereof I hereto aIiX my signature.

Y n FREDERIC W. HILLARD. 

